Efectos del entrenamiento de fuerza sobre variables de rehabilitación cardíaca en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.28957/rcmfr.v30n1a2

Resumen

Introducción. Personas con insuficiencia cardíaca (IC) encuentran afectadas su calidad de vida, capacidad funcional y función cardíaca.

Objetivo. Comparar la influencia del entrenamiento de fuerza (EF) versus un grupo control (GC) respecto de variables de la rehabilitación cardíaca (RC) en pacientes con IC.

Método. Se llevó a cabo una revisión de meta-análisis y revisiones sistemáticas en PubMed y Web of Science hasta marzo de 2020. Se identificaron un total de 545 artículos, entre los cuales se seleccionaron cinco para esta revisión. Se utilizó la herramienta ‘Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2’ (AMSTAR-2) para evaluar la calidad metodológica de los estudios.

Resultados. En los estudios incluidos se identificaron un total de 13 intervenciones dife- rentes con 329 pacientes (rango de edad media = 48-77 años) con IC y fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo reducida. Un estudio presentó nivel de confianza alto y cuatro estudios presentaron nivel de confianza moderado (AMSTAR-2). El EF indujo mejoras significativas en la calidad de vida, la capacidad aeróbica, la frecuencia cardíaca pico y la fuerza muscular en comparación al GC. No se encontraron diferencias significa- tivas en la fracción de eyección del  ventrículo izquierdo ni en el volumen diastólico final ventricular izquierdo.

Conclusiones. El EF es una intervención de ejercicio adecuada y necesaria en la RC de pacien- tes con IC. Son necesarios estudios que analicen los efectos del EF según características del entrenamiento, edad, severidad de la IC y tratamiento farmacológico.

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Cómo citar

1.
Bizzozero-Peroni B, Díaz Goñi V. Efectos del entrenamiento de fuerza sobre variables de rehabilitación cardíaca en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca. Rev. Colomb. Med. Fis. Rehabil. [Internet]. 9 de septiembre de 2020 [citado 28 de marzo de 2024];30(1):21-33. Disponible en: https://revistacmfr.org/index.php/rcmfr/article/view/267

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2020-09-09

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